Commentators widely agree that the poverty in this passage is literal, while the riches are spiritual. The Smyrnians were poor in this world's goods, but they were rich in the goods of the gospel, wealthy in the things of the Spirit.
In practical terms, a big difference exists between poverty and riches. People born rich have an entirely different mentality than the average person. For most of us, financial limitations affect nearly every decision we make. We choose inexpensive restaurants for lunch and buy our clothes at Wal-Mart or Penney's instead of Neiman-Marcus of Gucci. In our free time we go to a public beach instead of a tropical vacation at Club Med. Our lack of unlimited money shapes every choice we make.
Compare this lifestyle with that of the megawealthy. If you want to go skiing, or even shopping, in the Alps at a moment's notice, drive to the airport and grab the next available first-class seat. If the weather is too cold, head for the tropics or the other hemisphere. Should you not feel like washing clothes, just hire someone to buy a new designer wardrobe for each day. Want a new speedboat or sports car? Then hire someone to purchase it and deliver it to the place of your choice. While most of us are limited in our daily decisions, the superrich have the world at their fingertips. They can do anything and be anything they want whenever they desire. And the rest of us tend to watch enviously from a distance, thinking of everything we are missing out on.
But the church at Smyrna discovered a different kind of riches, one that the rich rarely attain (Matt. 19:24). Those who know Jesus are liberated from enslavement to money. They realize that we find the true riches of life in loving relationships. To have a clean conscience, to be able to forgive and to be forgiven, is to be truly rich. It is far better to know the Word of God than to be able to rush from one empty round of entertainment to another.
The truth is that the wealthy have a hard time with relationships. They never know when they can trust. Everyone wants to "be their friend," not because of personal qualities, but because being a friend of the rich is a path to wealth and power of one's own. The rich avoid a relationship with Christ, sometimes because they are too distracted and busy and sometimes because they fear the call to "sell all you have" more than poor people do. The truest of all riches are found in Christ, not in material wealth.
Lord, turn my affections to the true riches You offer in Christ.